开发工具链

一致的 ruff、mypy、pre-commit 配置让团队少争论风格、多关注逻辑。本课串联 typing 与 testing 课中的工具。基础环境见 python-fundamentals；Agent 仓库同样依赖 lint/CI，见 ai-agents-essentials；/roadmaps/python。

学习目标

用 ruff 替代 flake8 + isort + 部分 pyupgrade
配置 pre-commit 在提交前自动检查
了解 debugpy、rich 等日常效率工具

ruff 配置

# pyproject.toml
[tool.ruff]
line-length = 100
target-version = "py311"

[tool.ruff.lint]
select = ["E", "F", "I", "UP", "B"]
ignore = ["E501"]

[tool.ruff.format]
quote-style = "double"

ruff check . --fix
ruff format .

pre-commit

# .pre-commit-config.yaml
repos:
  - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
    rev: v0.8.0
    hooks:
      - id: ruff
        args: [--fix]
      - id: ruff-format
  - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
    rev: v1.13.0
    hooks:
      - id: mypy
        additional_dependencies: [types-requests]

pip install pre-commit
pre-commit install
pre-commit run --all-files

调试与日志

import logging
from rich.logging import RichHandler

logging.basicConfig(
    level=logging.INFO,
    format="%(message)s",
    handlers=[RichHandler(rich_tracebacks=True)],
)
log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

log.info("processing lesson %s", "pya-tooling")

VS Code / Cursor：.vscode/launch.json 配置 debugpy 断点调试 FastAPI 或脚本。

工具选型（2025）

用途	推荐
Lint + format	ruff
类型	mypy 或 pyright
测试	pytest
包管理	uv 或 pip + pyproject
文档	MkDocs / Sphinx

练习

为当前项目添加 ruff 配置并 fix 全部告警
安装 pre-commit，故意提交含 lint 错误的文件观察拦截

代码质量工具